Full-Scale Pipeline Rupture Modelling using Fluid-Structure Interaction
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Bruce Williams
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Bruce Williams, Dean Difiore, C. Hari M. Simha, Ifaz Haider, Su Xu
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Abstract

Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) techniques were used to model pipeline rupture. Two FSI solvers were studied: the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method in Abaqus and the DUALCESE solver in LS-DYNA. The FSI solver in LS-DYNA is based on the Conservation Element and Solution Element (CESE) method which is a numerical framework for solving conservation laws that differs from other methods such as finite element, finite volume, finite difference, and spectral methods. Previous investigations using FSI have reported that a fine Eulerian mesh is required to ensure stability, leading to long run-times. With large element sizes, it is shown that pressure oscillations due to numerically induced shock waves in the fluid become too large, leading to instability and excessive fluid penetration through the pipeline. Methods to reduce pressure oscillations, thereby allowing a coarser Eulerian mesh to be used with a large reduction in run-time, in the Abaqus-CEL method will be discussed. Of specific interest with the DUALCESE solver in LS-DYNA was its implementation of a shock capturing strategy. FSI simulations are compared between Abaqus and LS-DYNA showing that both FSI solvers produce similar results. Additionally, the Equation of State (EOS) used to model CO2 mixtures will be presented for the Abaqus-CEL method whereas the comparison between LS-DYNA and Abaqus is performed using an ideal gas with properties representative of methane. In both models, crack propagation was described using a damage initial and evolution model for which the strain to fracture is dependent upon stress triaxiality. User subroutines for both crack growth based on the Crack-Tip Opening Angle (CTOA) and an EOS for CO2 mixtures will be briefly discussed and compared to FSI models of full-scale pipeline rupture that run on commercial codes in a reduced run-time without the requirement for user subroutines.

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