Black powder has challenged the oil and gas industry's commitment to energy security by reducing natural gas availability to the petrochemical industry and power plants. One of the biggest Pipeline Operating Company in Indonesia, which provides over 1300 MW for a power plant, has identified black powder accumulation in their 28-inch gas transmission pipelines with 125 km length. Increased differential pressure at the filter within the metering system and a reduction of gas quality are the results of black powder accumulation, thus requiring more frequent filter replacement. Mechanical cleaning, specifically pigging, is routinely conducted by operating pipeline company to remove black powder in transmission gas pipelines. Analysis of black powder using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and particulate tests revealed a primary black powder composition of Fe3O4 and followed by FeO(OH) and FeCO3. Particle size analysis showed a wide distribution, with the smallest particles measuring 1,68 ?m. Additionally, a gas composition laboratory test was employed to determine the composition of the gas and assess the pipelines’ susceptibility to corrosion. Direct assessment of the pipelines’ integrity through thickness measurement was conducted to estimate the corrosion rate and the remaining life of the pipelines, while laboratory corrosion tests were performed to determine the formation mechanism of black powder. The laboratory corrosion tests were performed under both atmospheric and operational conditions, with the latter being conducted using a rotating cage in an autoclave to simulate operational conditions. Furthermore, performing mechanical pigging as a part of progressive cleaning has decreased the amount of black powder by more than half. This paper recommends several methods for controlling black powder. In addition, approaches and technical solutions are presented in this paper to mitigate the consequences of black powder in transmission gas pipelines, and recommendations for further advanced materials testing are provided.