Standardization Cooperation Strategies and Practices for Oil and Gas Pipelines of "The Belt and Road Initiative"

There are many transnational oil and gas pipelines in countries along the "Belt and Road", but there are many problems in the design, construction and operation due to the inconsistent standards implemented by various countries. Based on the oil and gas pipeline projects of countries along the "Belt and Road", five standard cooperation methods including joint development, mutual recognition and reference of standards, as well as implementation methods and steps of standardization cooperation strategies are proposed. In the end, the typical successful cases of different standard cooperation methods are considered for analysis.