Spilled oil on land causes pollution of soil and groundwater. Remediation technologies are biological treatment, incineration, immobilization, soil washing and combinations of these technologies, all of them to be applied in situ or ex situ treatment. The remediation strategies depend on the type of oil (light or heavier oil), the soil (sand, bedrock…), the groundwater situation (used as drinking water or for farming), the amount of spilled oil, adjacent properties, the usage of the ground, the point in time on which the spill occurred and further aspects. Taking all of these conditions into an account it is possible to find cost-effective and sustainable solutions for remediation.